英 語(yǔ) 試 卷
本試卷分五部分。滿(mǎn)分120分�？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（共 85 分）
第一部分： (共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分20分)
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。
1. How many children are there in the classroom?
A. Seven.B. Five. C. Twelve.
2. Where is the man’s bike now?
A. Under the stairs.B. At the gate. C. In the garden.
3. Why won’t the woman go to town tomorrow?
A. Because it will rain.
B. Because it will be too hot.
C. Because it will be too cold.
4. What does the woman suggest?
A. They don’t have to go to the concert.
B. They’ll have to rent a car as early as possible.
C. The subway is fine with her.
5. Where does this conversation take place?
A. At a restaurant.B. At the theatre. C.At the station.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分） 聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各個(gè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。 聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6~8題。
6. Where does the woman want to go?
A. The post office.B. The cinema. C.A park.
7. Who can answer the woman’s question?
A. The man with a beard.
B. The man with a mustache.
C. The man with a bottle of beer.
8. Where is the man standing?
A. By the post office.B. By the lamp-post.C. By the mail box.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9~11題。
9. What did Mary ask John to do?
A. To help her. B. To look for their baby. C. To do some washing.
10. Where is the baby?
A. In the sitting-room. B. In the kitchen. C. In the washroom.
11. What is the baby doing?
A. He is playing games.B. He is brushing his teeth.C. He is brushing his shoes.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12~14題。
12. Who are the two speakers?
A. A conductor and a conductress.
B. A reporter and a conductress.
C. The organizer of the race and a participant.
13. When dose the dialogue take place?
A. A day before the race.B. Right after the race.C. A day after the race.
14. How long has she been cycling?
A. 17 years.B. 18 years.C.19 years.
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15~17題。
15. Where was George yesterday?
A. At his usual place.B. In the newspaper office.C. At home.
16. Why did the woman call George?
A. To ask him to a concert.
B. To go on a holiday with him.
C. To invite him to dinner at home.
17. Where did George see Mary?
A. At the office.B. At the concert.C. In his sister’s home.
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18~20題。
18. What did Hemingway do?
A. He was a writer.B. He was a soldier.C. He was a doctor.
19. When was Hemingway wounded?
A. During the Second World War.
B. During the First World War.
C. Between the two world wars.
20. What life do you think. Hemingway led all his life?
A.A hard life.B. An active life.C. A poor life.
第二部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）
第一節(jié)：語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)（共 15 小題；每小題 1 分，滿(mǎn)分 15 分）
從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
21. A yellow taxi _______ alongside a truck at the traffic lights when an elderly woman was crossing the road.
A. brought up B. took up C. pulled up D. put up
22. The opening between walls was very narrow; it’s very hard for soldiers to _______ through.
A. squeeze B. press C. stretch D. leap
23. Many firms give away small quantities of their productions as _______ so that people can try them before buying.
A. signsB. signalsC. examplesD. samples
24. When the post fell _______, Dennis Bass was appointed to fill it.
A. empty B. blank C. vacant D. bare
25. Look, _______ fashionable clothes is he wearing that all the eyes are fixed on him!
A. soB. whatC. howD. such
26. --- Why on earth didn’t you answer the door?
--- I’m terribly sorry, but the telephone _______, too.
A. is ringingB. was ringing C. rang D. was about to ring
27. --- Ann looks hot and dry.
--- So _______ you if you had a high fever.
A. do B. are C. will D. would
28. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer.
A. not finishing B. had not been finished
C. not having finished D. not finished
29. On stepping into the room this morning, I was astonished to find the floor covered with _______ looked like tiny insects.
A. that B. what C. where D. when
30. ---How much do you have in your pocket?
---150 yuan, all of _______ came from my grandma.
A. whichB. themC. it D. that
31. --- Did your father come back early last night?
--- Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home.
A. before B. when C. that D. until
32. --- Which hotel did you stay in last week?
--- Well, just the one _______ I think you once met Ge You and his family.
A. thatB. whichC. where D. as
33. _______, I think, and the problem could be settled,
A. If you don’t doubt your efforts B. So long as you keep up your spirits
C. Making great efforts D. A bit more efforts
34. The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _______ right from wrong.
A. distinguishedB. distinguishingC. to distinguishD. to be distinguished
35. --- The film we saw last week is very romantic.
--- _______. I didn’t think it romantic at all.
A. With all due respect B. I beg to differ
C. As predicted D. I can’t agree with you more
第二節(jié) 完型（共20小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive human-made climate warming in the coming century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, 36 in the latest edition of Ecology and Evolution, reveals the 37 age of some Amazonian tree species -- more than 8 million years -- and 38 shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods 39 for the year 2100.
The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the trees will 40 survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. 41 extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures 42 , the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors 43 that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain 44 on preventing deforestation（采伐森林）for agriculture and mining.
The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species’ extinctions 45 relatively small increases in global average air temperatures.
Study co-author Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the 46 were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and over-exploitation of the forest remained major 47 to the Amazon’s future.
Dr Lewis said: “The past cannot be compared directly with the future. while tree species seem likely to 48 higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and 49 , and what remains is being degraded by logging, and increasingly split up by fields and roads.
“Species will not move as freely in today’s Amazon as they did in previous warm periods, when there was no human 50 . Similarly, today’s climate change is extremely fast, making comparisons with slower changes in the past 51 .”
“With a clearer 52 of the relative risks to the Amazon forest, we 53 that direct human impacts -- such as forest clearances for agriculture or mining -- should remain a key point of conservation policy. We also need more aggressive 54 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and 55 the future of most Amazon tree species.”
36. A. advertisedB. describedC. publishedD. presented
37. A. frighteningB. surprisingC. excitingD. interesting
38. A. stillB. neverthelessC. howeverD. therefore
39. A. assessB. confirmC. forecastD. promise
40. A. particularlyB. probablyC. merelyD. possibly
41. A. SinceB. AlthoughC. When D. If
42. A. riseB. change C. dropD. end
43. A. considerB. decideC. guaranteeD. recommend
44. A. basedB. builtC. focusedD. made
45. A. in relation toB. in response toC. in reply toD. in reference to
46. A. findingsB. thoughtsC. inventionsD. writings
47. A. threatsB. disadvantagesC. embarrassmentsD. instructions
48. A. acceptB. tolerateC. permitD. Require
49. A. farmingB. plantingC. cateringD. mining
50. A. powerB. influenceC. desireD. violence
51. A. difficultB. clear C. easyD. important
52. A. beliefB. directionC. understandingD. suggestion
53. A. doubtB. concludeC. calculateD. prefer
54. A. thoughtB. guidanceC. protectionD. action
55. A. secureB. advanceC. sacrificeD. evaluate
第三部分：閱讀理解
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）
A
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Office of Admissions
Financial Aid
Our goal in admissions and financial aid is clear: We want to bring the best people to Harvard, regardless of their ability to pay ? and we do. About 70 percent of our students receive some form of aid, with over 60 percent receiving need?based scholarships.
Two principles guide us:
? Admission to Harvard is need-blind, by which we mean that financial need is not a barrier to admission. International students have the same access to financial aid as United States citizens.
? Financial aid at Harvard is entirely need?based and we are committed to meeting the demonstrated need of all students. Students apply for aid annually and every year we review our financial aid program, considering such things as any changed student or family circumstances, university resources, and demand.
Removing Economic Barriers
In the past decade we have increased financial aid for low and middle income families by over 180%. No contribution is expected from parents with incomes under $65,000. Beginning with the class of 2016, those parents with annual incomes between $65,000 and $150,000 are asked to contribute from zero to ten percent of their income. Some families with incomes above $150,000 still qualify for aid. Families at all incomes who have significant assets（資產(chǎn)）will continue to pay more than those in less fortunate circumstances. Students are also asked to contribute to the cost of their education through term-time and summer work.
Families with higher incomes facing unusual financial challenges may also qualify for need?based scholarship assistance, yet those with significant assets at all income levels are asked to contribute proportionately（成比例的）more.
Our financial aid program includes an array of financing options beyond our need?based scholarship program, such as a parent monthly payment plan, various loan programs and the opportunity to pre?pay tuition for four years at a student’s freshman year rate.
There are also other forms of financial assistance such as the Faculty Aide Program, the Harvard College Research Program and the Dean’s Summer Research Program that enable students to create paid partnerships with teachers on academic projects of mutual interest. Over two-thirds of Harvard students choose to work during their time in Cambridge and gain valuable job experience working in a wide array of University settings, including our libraries, dining halls, museums and academic departments.
We hope you will visit our websites for a fuller description of our comprehensive program of financial assistance.
56. Admission to Harvard is need-blind in that _______.
A. Harvard does take into account students’ economic situations
B. Students’ ability to pay does not affect their admissions to Harvard
C. Students need to pay big money to Harvard after they are admitted
D. The majority of students in Harvard do not need financial aids
57. Based on the requirements above, we can learn that _______.
A. parents with annual incomes of over $ 150,000 needn’t contribute
B. financial aids are not intended for families with higher incomes
C. wealthier families are expected to contribute more to Harvard
D. students are not encouraged to pay the cost of their education
58. In what way can students get financial assistance from Harvard?
A. Students can be offered paid-work opportunities outside Harvard.
B. Students can have opportunities to get loans for their education.
C. Students can pay for their education in Harvard within one month.
D. Students earn money by assisting teachers in Cambridge University.
B
Researchers at Sweden’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology say they have found further proof that the wolf ancestors of today’s dogs can be from southern East Asia -- findings that are contrary to theories placing the birth place in the Middle East. Dr Peter Savolainen, KTH researcher in evolutionary genetics, says a new study released Nov. 23 confirms that an Asian region south of the Yangtze River was the principal and probably the only region where wolves were domesticated（馴化）by humans.
Research data show clearly that dogs are descended from wolves, but there’s never been scientific agreement on where in the world the domestication process began. “Our analysis of Y-chromosomal（染色體）DNA now confirms that wolves were first domesticated in Asia south of Yangtze River -- we call it the ASY region -- in southern China or Southeast Asia,” Savolainen says.
The Y data supports previous evidence from mitochondrial（線(xiàn)粒體）DNA. “Taken together, the two studies provide very strong evidence that dogs appeared first in the ASY region,” Savolainen says.
Archaeological data and a genetic study recently published in Nature suggest that dogs originate from the Middle East. But Savolainen rejects that view. “Because none of these studies included samples from the ASY region, evidence from ASY has been overlooked,” he says.
Peter Savolainen and PhD student Mattias Oskarsson worked with Chinese colleagues to analyse DNA from male dogs around the world. Their study was published in the scientific journal Heredity.
Approximately half of the gene pool was universally shared everywhere in the world, while only the ASY region had the entire range of genetic diversity. “This shows that gene pools in all other regions of the world most probably originate from the ASY region,” Savolainen says.
“Our results confirm that Asia south of the Yangtze River was the most important -- and probably the only -- region for wolf domestication, and that a large number of wolves were domesticated,” says Savolainen.
In separate research published recently in Ecology and Evolution, Savolainen, PhD student Arman Ardalan and Iranian and Turkish scientists conducted a comprehensive study of mitochondrial DNA, with a particular focus on the Middle East. Because mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother in most species, it is especially useful in studying evolutionary relationships.
“Since other studies have indicated that wolves were domesticated in the Middle East, we wanted to be sure nothing had been missed. We find no signs whatsoever that dogs originated there,” says Savolainen.
In their studies, the researchers also found minor genetic contributions from crossbreeding between dogs and wolves in other geographic regions, including the Middle East.
“This subsequent dog/wolf hybridisation（混合淡化技術(shù)）contributed only modestly to the dog gene pool,” Savolainen explains.
59. What does Dr. Peter Savolainen believe?
A. Dogs’ ancestors came from the Middle East.
B. Wolves were probably first trained to work for humans in the ASY region.
C. Analysis of Y-chromosomal DNA should be combined with mitochondrial DNA.
D. Samples of the previous studies are enough to support the conclusion.
60. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. there is a universal agreement on the place of first domestication
B. data from ASY may highlight where dogs came from
C. Dr. Savolainen’s research mainly focuses on the Middle East
D. the dog/wolf hybridization makes up most of the dog gene pool
61. What is special about mitochondrial DNA?
A. It is only used in studying evolutionary relationships.
B. It alone can provide hard evidence for Savolainen’s research.
C. It is the most useful in finding out the birth place of dogs.
D. It comes from the mother of most animals and plants.
C
A new report said scientists may not be far from giving apes the ability to think and talk like humans. The report is about experiments which transplant human cells into animals for medical purposes.
It claimed that concerns about the creation of talking apes should be taken seriously. It should also draw people’s attention to the possibility that the medical research about creating “humanised” animals is going to generate monsters.
A regulatory（監(jiān)管的）body is needed to closely monitor any experiments that many risk creating animals with human-like consciousness or giving them any appearance or behavioural traits that too closely resemble humans, the report said.
Scientists would, for example, be prevented from replacing a large number of an ape’s brain cells with human brain cells until more is known about the potential risks. This has already been done in simpler animals like mice, which is judged to be less risky.
Under the new UK guidelines, the power to regulate tests on animals containing human material would be transferred to a body with wider responsibility for animal testing in the Home Office.
While there is no risk from experiments currently being carried out in Britain, it is possible that ethical (道德的) boundaries could be crossed within the next few years if scientists are not careful, the experts said.
Professor Thomas Baldwin, a member of the Academy of Medical Sciences working group that produced the report, said the possibility of humanised apes should be taken seriously.
He said, “The fear is that if you start putting very large numbers of human brain cells into the brains of primates（靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)動(dòng)物）you might transform the primates into something that has some of the abilities that we regard as distinctly human, such as speech, or other ways of being able to manipulate or relate to us.”
Professor Martin Bobrow, chair of the academy working group that produced the report, said, “The very great majority of experiments present no issues beyond the general use of animals in research and these should continue to proceed under the current regulations.”
Lord Willis, chair of the Association of Medical Research Charities, said, “AMRC only supports research that is absolutely necessary and where no suitable alternative methods are available.”
62. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ethical rules to limit humanised animals.
B. The potential results of humanised apes.
C. The possibility of humanised animals.
D. The danger of human-like animals.
63. The underlined word “manipulate” in the passage probably means “_______”.
A. appeal B. possess C. control D. associate
64. Which of the following statements might Professor Thomas Baldwin agree with?
A. It is necessary to do some experiments about humanised animals.
B. Experiments about humanised animals should be done within the law.
C. It would be dangerous to do experiments about humanised animals.
D. It is urgent to ban experiment about humanised animals.
65. It can be inferred that _______.
A. people should be careful when creating talking apes
B. Thomas Baldwin and Lord Willis are from the same organization
C. creating humanised animals is difficult in Britain now
D. scientists must be cautious not to cross ethical boundaries
D
I got your letter and was glad to find that you had not forgotten Jourdon, and that you wanted me to come back and live with you again in Tennessee, promising to do better for me than anybody else can.
Although you shot at me twice before I left you, I did not want to hear of your being hurt. It would do me good to go back to the dear old home again and see Allen, Esther, Green, and Lee. Give my love to them all, and tell them I hope we will meet in the better world, if not in this.
I want to know particularly what the good chance is you propose to give me. I am doing tolerably well here in Ohio. I get twenty-five dollars a month, with food and clothing; have a comfortable home for Mandy, the folks call her Mrs. Anderson; and the children?Milly, Jane, and Grundy?go to school and are learning well. The teacher says Grundy has a head for a preacher. We are kindly treated.
Now, if you will write and say what wages you will give me, I will be better able to decide whether it would be to my advantage to move back again. We have concluded to test your sincerity by asking you to send us our wages for the time we served you. This will make us forget and forgive old scores and rely on your justice and friendship in the future. I served you faithfully for thirty-two years, and Mandy twenty years. At twenty-five dollars a month for me, and two dollars a week for Mandy, our earnings would amount to eleven thousand six hundred and eighty dollars. Add to this the interest for the time our wages have been kept back, and deduct（扣除）what you paid for our clothing, and three doctor’s visits to me, and pulling a tooth for Mandy. If you fail to pay us for faithful labors in the past, we can have little faith in your promises in the future.
In answering this letter, please state if there would be any safety for my Milly and Jane, who are now grown up, and both good-looking girls. I would rather stay here and starve?and die, if it should come to that?than have my girls brought to shame by the violence and wickedness of their young Masters. You will also please state if there has been any schools opened for the colored children in your neighborhood. The great desire of my life now is to give my children an education and have them form virtuous habits.
Say howdy to George Carter, and thank him for taking the pistol from you when you were shooting at me.
66. According to the passage, the letter was written by Jourdon to his former _______.
A. friendB. masterC. neighbor D. relative
67. Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage?
A. The family name of this letter writer is Anderson.
B. The writer is paid the same as he was in Tennessee.
C. The writer will certainly get at least 11,680 dollars.
D. Safety rather than education weighs a lot to the writer.
68. The writer’s description of his present situation implies that _______.
A. he shows his intention of going back in Tennessee
B. he is somewhat richer and does not need to go back
C. his life is relatively good but still needs improvement
D. he is not a little satisfied with his present life in Ohio
69. The purpose of the writer’s asking for his pay back is _______.
A. to show he needs that amount of money urgently
B. to show he is determined to get what he deserved
C. to test whether the letter receiver is worthy of trust
D. to tell the letter receiver he still has faith in him
70. From the passage, we can see the writer is very _______.
A. wiseB. stupidC. greedyD. generous
第Ⅱ卷（共 35 分）
第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿(mǎn)分 10 分）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文后第71至第80小題的空格里填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
注意：每空1個(gè)單詞。
Born to Win
Each human being is born as something unique, something that never existed before. Each person is born with what he needs to win at life. A normal person can see, hear, touch, taste, and think for himself. Each has his own unique potentials---his capabilities and limitations. Each can be an important, thinking, aware, and creatively productive person in his own right---a winner.
The words "winner" and "loser" have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose. Instead a winner is one who responds honestly by being trustworthy and responsive, both as an individual and as a member of a society. A loser is one who fails to respond honestly.
A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge. He can separate facts from opinion and doesn’t pretend to have all the answers. He listens to others, evaluates what they say, but comes to his own conclusions.
A winner is flexible. He does not have to respond in known, rigid ways. He can change his plans when the situation calls for it. A winner has a love for life. He enjoys work, play, food, other people, and the world of nature. Without guilt he enjoys his own accomplishments. Without envy he enjoys the accomplishments of others.
A winner cares about the world and its people. He is not separated from the general problems of society. He tries to improve the quality of life. Even in the face of national and international difficulty, he does not see himself as helpless. He does what he can to make the world a better place.
Although people are born to win, they are also born totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the change from dependence to independence, losers do not. Somewhere along the line losers begin to avoid becoming independent. This usually begins in childhood. Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care are among the many experiences that contribute to making people losers.
A loser is held back by his low capacity to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior. He may be unaware of other choices for his life if the path he chooses goes nowhere. He is afraid to try new things. He repeats not only his own mistakes and often repeats those of his family and culture.
A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love. He does not enter into close, honest, direct relationships with others. Instead, he tries to manipulate them into living up to his expectations and channels his energies into living up to their expectations.
第五部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿(mǎn)分 25 分）
社會(huì)弱勢(shì)群體一般具有四個(gè)特征：1、無(wú)職或低職；2、貧困；３、軟弱可欺；4、常被忽視。
請(qǐng)根據(jù)所提供文字及圖片提示給某英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇短文，分析弱勢(shì)群體構(gòu)成，描述該群體生存現(xiàn)狀，簡(jiǎn)要分析原因，并提出建議號(hào)召社會(huì)關(guān)注這個(gè)群體。
注意：1. 仔細(xì)品味所提供文字和圖片，不要作簡(jiǎn)單描述。
2. 詞數(shù)150左右。開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
3. 中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。
Let’s care for the disadvantaged
As is frequently seen in our daily life,......________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
英 語(yǔ)答案
1-5 CABCA 6-10 BABBC 11-15 CBBAC 16-20 ABABB
21-25 CADCD 26-30 BDDBA 31-35 BCDBB
36-40 CBDCB 41-45 BADCB 46-50 AABDB 51-55 ACBDA
56-60 BCBBB 61-65 DACCD 66-70 BADCA
36. C。publish為發(fā)表之意，其他意思不符合。
37. B。一些樹(shù)種并未隨氣溫的升高而滅絕，因此超高的樹(shù)齡令人驚訝。
38. D。該空所表明的事實(shí)是以前面的樹(shù)齡為依據(jù)的，所以是“因此”的意思。
39. C。2100是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，預(yù)測(cè)符合意思。
40. B。亞馬遜的樹(shù)曾經(jīng)在高溫氣候中生存下來(lái)，所以將來(lái)也很有可能升高的氣候。
41. B。Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)。
42. A。氣溫的升高。
43. D。recommend此處是建議的意思，后面的should表明這一層意思。
44. C。防止采伐森林是保護(hù)政策的中心。
45. B。先前的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為樹(shù)種滅絕是對(duì)相對(duì)小幅氣溫升高的反應(yīng)。
46. A。最新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
47. A。過(guò)度采伐威脅亞馬遜的未來(lái)。
48. B。耐高溫之意。
49. D。農(nóng)業(yè)和礦業(yè)，A、B與agriculture同一范疇，C毫不相干；最后一段有提示。
50. B。沒(méi)有人類(lèi)影響，物種移動(dòng)更為自由。
51. A。今天的氣溫升高速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于以前，因此難以與過(guò)去相對(duì)比。
52. C。更為清楚的了解亞馬遜森林面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
53. B。得出的結(jié)論。
54. D。積極的行動(dòng)和措施。
55. A. 保護(hù)，使…安全。
閱讀A
56. B。第二段：Admission to Harvard is need-blind, by which we mean that financial need is not a barrier to admission. 哈佛不會(huì)因?yàn)閷W(xué)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況而考慮是否錄取學(xué)生。
57. C。倒數(shù)第三段“… yet those with significant assets at all income levels are asked to contribute proportionately more.”收入高的家庭捐贈(zèng)的比例也相應(yīng)提高。
58. B。倒數(shù)第二段 “…various loan programs and the opportunity to pre?pay tuition for four years at a student's freshman year rate.”學(xué)生可獲取貸款。
閱讀B
59. B。第一段“an Asian region south of the Yangtze River was the principal and probably the only region where wolves were domesticated by humans”
60. B。第六段可知。
61. D。第八段“Because mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother in most species, it is especially useful in studying evolutionary relationships.”
閱讀C
62. A。通讀文章可知，作者在強(qiáng)調(diào)了humanised animals可能超越人類(lèi)道德底線(xiàn)，并在文章后半部分通過(guò)專(zhuān)家的觀點(diǎn)指出要通過(guò)現(xiàn)行的建立在道德底線(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)上的規(guī)章制度來(lái)約束。
63. C。劃線(xiàn)單詞段落強(qiáng)調(diào)該行為所帶來(lái)的不良后果即控制（control）人類(lèi)或產(chǎn)生緊密關(guān)系。
64. C。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段內(nèi)容可知。
65. D。從全文可知creating humanised animals 現(xiàn)在不存在技術(shù)問(wèn)題只是會(huì)超越倫理底線(xiàn)，
故排除AC。
閱讀D
66. B。第一段“you wanted me to come back and live with you again in Tennessee, promising to do better for me than anybody else can.”和最后一段第四行“ ……of their young Masters”。
67. A。第四段第四行的Mrs. Anderson可知A為正確答案。B說(shuō)的錢(qián)數(shù)是樣，但在Tennessee根本未兌現(xiàn)，不能稱(chēng)之為is paid ；C中用certainly是錯(cuò)的；D項(xiàng)Safety rather than education中的rather than是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)樵谧髡咝哪恐袃烧叨贾匾?br>68. D。整篇文章表明作者對(duì)他現(xiàn)在的生活狀況非常滿(mǎn)意，D選項(xiàng)中的not a little是非常的意思。
69. C。倒數(shù)第三段的最后一句可知。
70. A。文章中作者拒絕以前奴隸主讓他回去為其效命的要求有禮有節(jié)，可見(jiàn)其明智。
71. unique/special 72. victory 73. response 74.independently 75. adapts/adjusts
76. happiness/pleasure/delight/enjoyment 77. devotes 78. affect/influence/impact 79. lacks 80.sharing
Possible version:
As is frequently seen in our daily life, the disadvantaged exist in every corner. They are a threat to the construction of a harmonious society, causing growing concern from all.
As the term is defined, those who lack abilities to make a living, like the disabled, the old, the poor etc, make up the disadvantaged. There is no difficulty analyzing the common problems they share. As they are disadvantaged, without doubt, job hunting becomes a headache, which worsens their life or even makes it in despair. Naturally, poverty follows and they are sometimes bullied. Even if some can do certain jobs, as long as they belong to the disadvantaged, they are easily ignored.
Governments should certainly take the major responsibility for caring for those disadvantaged. Daily necessities like food and shelters should be provided for their recent survival as well as constructing hospitals and schools to ensure their future. We students should always have a kind heart towards them. What you do may seem little to yourself, but it surely makes a difference to the disadvantaged.
書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
一、評(píng)分原則：
1.本題總分為25分，按5個(gè)檔次給分。
2.評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言（內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性、及語(yǔ)言的得體性）初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。如果沒(méi)有一定數(shù)量的較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯，通篇文章句型單調(diào)、無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)詞、文章欠流暢、時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤太多，降檔處理。
3.詞數(shù)少于130和多于170的，從總分中減去2 分。用筆：鉛筆、紅筆答題一律零分。
4. 書(shū)面表達(dá)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：按以下要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容扣分（缺失其中一塊，文章為三檔及以下）：
1）開(kāi)頭鋪墊描述（4分）。
2）弱勢(shì)群體構(gòu)成（4分），生存現(xiàn)狀（5分），原因（5分）。
3）建議和號(hào)召社會(huì)關(guān)注（7分）。
5. 拼寫(xiě)與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)：是語(yǔ)言正確性的一個(gè)方面，評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫(xiě)及詞匯用法均可接受。相同錯(cuò)誤只扣分一次。
6、大錯(cuò)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、句子缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等為大錯(cuò)，每個(gè)大錯(cuò)扣1分。小錯(cuò)：介詞、冠詞、單詞拼寫(xiě)、大小寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等為小錯(cuò)，每個(gè)小錯(cuò)扣半分。
7. 如書(shū)寫(xiě)較差，以至影響交際，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。投機(jī)：開(kāi)頭一段和最后一段切題，中間部分從閱讀理解中抄一段判零分。
8、如層次不清，寫(xiě)作沒(méi)分段，從總分中減去2分。
二. 各檔次的給分范圍和要求
第五檔（很好）：（21-25分）完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。
★覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。
★應(yīng)用較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。
★語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。
★有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。
★完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的
第四檔（好）：（16-20分）完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。
★雖漏掉了一兩個(gè)次重點(diǎn),但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。
★應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿(mǎn)足任務(wù)的要求。
★語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些許錯(cuò)誤主要是因?yàn)閲L試復(fù)雜語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致。
★應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。
★達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的
第三檔：（一般）（10-15分）基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。
★雖然漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋所有的主要內(nèi)容
★應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯能滿(mǎn)足任務(wù)的要求
★有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解
★應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫
★整體而言，基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的
第二檔：（差）（5-10分）未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)
★漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容，寫(xiě)了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容
★語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項(xiàng)目有限
★有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響了對(duì)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的理解
★較少使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺少連貫性
★信息未能清楚的傳遞給讀者
第一檔（很差）：（0-5分）未能完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。
★明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容，原因可能是未能理解試題要求。
★語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。
★較多語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響對(duì)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的理解。
★缺乏語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容不連貫。
★信息未能傳達(dá)給讀者
錄音原文
第一節(jié)
現(xiàn)在你有5秒鐘的時(shí)間，閱讀第一小題的有關(guān)內(nèi)容。
1.W: Are there any children in the classroom?
M: Yes, seven are reading at their desks and five are playing on the floor
2. M: I had my bike repaired; last night I put it at the gate, hut I can't find it now.
W: It was in my way when I went to the garden. so I put it under the stairs and it's still there.
3. M: Do you want to go to town with me if it doesn't rain tomorrow?
W: No, I don't think so. It will be too hot outside.
4. M: I'd like to drive to the concert, but my brother will use the car tonight.
W: Who needs a car? We can take the subway if we go a little earlier.
5. M: How about my food? I've been sitting here for almost half an hour.
W: I'm sorry, sir. It must be ready by now.
第一節(jié)到此結(jié)束。
第二節(jié)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第6至第8三個(gè)小題�，F(xiàn)在你有15秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這三個(gè)小題。
6.W: Excuse me, but could you tell me the way to the cinema, please?
M: No, I'm sorry I can't. I'm a stranger in these parts. But why don't you ask that man with a heard? He'll be able to tell you, I'm sure.
W: Which one do you mean?
M: Look, the one over there, by the lamp-post.
W: Ah, yes. I can see him now. Thank you very much.
M: Not at all.
聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第9至第11三個(gè)小題。現(xiàn)在你有15秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這三個(gè)小題。
7.W:Is the baby with you, John? He's not in the kitchen.
M:He isn' t here, Mary. Perhaps he's upstairs.
W:Please go and see. . . He's very quiet.
M: All right, I'll go and see... Mary, he's not in his room.
W: Is he in our room?
M: No, he's not there either.
W: My God! Where's he then?
M: Oh, he's here, in the washroom!
W: In the washroom? What's he doing there?
M: He's cleaning his shoes with your toothbrush!
聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第12至第14三個(gè)小題。現(xiàn)在你有15秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這三個(gè)小題。
8. M: Now, Susan. Can you tell us something about yourself? How old are you and what do you do?
W: I'm twenty-two and I'm a bus conductress.
M: A bus conductress! So you' re used to collecting money. who taught you to cycle?
W:Nobody. I taught myself. I've been cycling since I was five.
M:And who bought that beautiful racing cycle for you?
W: I bought it myself. I worked overtime.
M: Good for you! And what are you going to do now?
W: Now? if you mean this minute, I'm going to have a long hot bath.
M:You must need to relax. Again, congratulations. That was Susan James, winner of this year's cycle race. 聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第15至第17三個(gè)小題�，F(xiàn)在你有15秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這三個(gè)小題。
9. W:Hello, George! I wanted to speak to you yesterday, but you weren't at your usual place for lunch.
M: No, I had a free day from the newspaper office because I worked so much overtime last week.
W: Oh, I see. You had a holiday.
M: Well, I stayed at home and looked after the baby.
W: What? You took care of the baby? Whose baby?
M: Oh, it was my sister's baby. She wanted to go shopping in the morning. So I stayed at home and did a lot of useful things.
W: Oh?
M: Yes. I mended my radio, washed a shirt and some socks, and cleaned out the drawers of my desk.
W: I don't call that a holiday. I wanted to ask you to a concert last night. The one at the Town Hall near where we lived.
M:That's funny! My office called me in the afternoon and asked me to go and write an article about the concert. I noticed that you weren' t there; but your friend Mary was.
W:Was she indeed? That's very strange.
聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20三個(gè)小題�，F(xiàn)在你有15秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這三個(gè)小題。
10.Before we get into Hemingway, I want to say a few words about him. In many ways his life is as interesting as his work. And, of course, many of his books and stories were based on his
personal experience.
Hemingway was the son of a doctor. And it was his father who first introduced him to the outdoor life?hunting, fishing, sports. All those things that he loved so much. After he graduated from high school, he left home and went to Kansas City. He didn't go to college, but instead, got a job as reporter on the Kansas City Star.
When the war broke out in 1914, Hemingway wanted to be a soldier, but he was rejected because of an old eye problem. Not wanting to miss the action, he went to Europe anyway and served as a driver for the Red Cross. In 1918, shortly before the end of the war, he was wounded and had to return to the States.
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